pc storage

I mainly use the harddisks in the PCs I run for storage of Hidef movies and TV series.

Current storage situation

Machine	Bruto*	Redundancy	Netto*	Disks
livingroom PC	3.5TB	single disk	3.5TB	500GB Crucial MX500 SSD, 1TB Crucial MX500, 1.05TB MX300 Crucial, 1TB Samsung EVO970 nvme
livingroom HTPC	256GB	single disk	256GB	256GB Crucial M4 SSD
NasPC	112TB	60GB Boot 14x4T RAIDZ2 14x4T RAIDZ2	96TB	60GB Intel 330 series, 14x4TB Seagate, 14x4TB Seagate
NasPC2	96TB	120GB Boot 12x8T RAIDZ2	80TB	120GB Intel 330, 12x8TB Seagate Constellation
NasPC3	108TB	SSD 500G for boot 6x18TB RAIDZ1 ZFS	90TB	500GB Samsung 980 NVME SSD, 6x18TB Seagate Exos X18
ServerPC	10TB	SSD 120G for boot SSD 5x 2TB RAIDZ1 ZFS	8TB	120GB Crucial M500 SSD, 5x2TB WD Blue SSD
old pc win7	2.7TB	single disk	2.5TB	256GB Crucial M4 SSD, 480GB Crucial M500, 1x 2TB Seagate
Total:	332TB	.	280TB	.

I store all data to ZFS on Linux since version 0.6.2. Recently ZFS on Linux (0.8.6) was integrated in OpenZFS 2.0 sharing sourcecode with FreeBSD and Illumos the opensource version of Solaris where ZFS was first developed under Sun Microsystems. The previous LVM raid 0 volumes have been moved to ZFS pools with RAIDZ1 or RAIDZ2.
RAIDZ1 is like RAID5 and can withstand 1 disk breaking. RAIDZ2 can withstand 2 disks breaking. But after disk failure recovery is only needed for the data, not the entire disk so it is much quicker than plain RAID5 or RAID6.
ZFS keeps checksums on all data to ensure data integrity at all times. For RAIDZ1 there is the space of 1 spare disk, for RAIDZ2 (like RAID6) the space of 2 spare disks is needed and used for CRC data and other ZFS overhead data. Besides that ZFS/RAIDZ takes about 5% of the volume size for additional overhead.
Currently the 10x2T are retired and the healthy ones were sold.
I had 12x3T in raidz2, integrated in my linux desktop PC, but these are retired now. Disks still available offline as backup.
In Nas1 there are 14x4T in RAIDZ2 plus another 14x4T in RAIDZ2. So 2 pools with 1 vdev each.
In Nas2 I have 12x8T in RAIDZ2.
The always on XeonD server has 5x 2TB SSD in RAIDZ1. (1TB replaced with 2TB 2025-09)
I keep separate pools in order to be able to swap them out to different PC's.
I have removed the 10x2T because 2 disks were failing and 3 more were pending failure. No data was lost.
I have replaced 12x3T RAIDZ2 with 6x 18TB RAIDZ1 in Nas3 and also replaced the sata boot SSD with a M2 variant.

Sata interfaces and bays :
The main NAS PC has 8 onboard sata interfaces and 24 extra sata interfaces through a HBA card, there are 24 regular bays (2x10 + one 4in3 bay) and I have stacked 1 separate 4 drive bay inside the case. Currently 28 bays are in use. The free PCI-E 4x slot is now used for a 10Gbe Intel X520-DA1 network card with SFP+.
The second NAS PC has 14 onboard sata interfaces, 1x for boot 12x in use for the data disks, 1x free sata. It has a 10Gbe Intel X520-DA2 network card with SFP+. It is managed via IPMI (Supermicro).
The XeonD has 6 sata interfaces. 1x boot plus 5x data. It has onboard 10Gbe RJ45. It also has IPMI (Supermicro) for management.
The NAS3 PC has 6 sata interfaces, a M2 interface for boot. It has an Intel 10Gbe network card in the PCI-E 4x slot
I have replaced 12x3T RAIDZ2 with 6x 18TB RAIDZ1 and also replaced the sata boot SSD with a M2 variant.

Disk inventory ::
6x Seagate 18.0TB : ST18000NM000J (7200 rpm) (sata3, 256MB)
12x Seagate 8.0TB : ST8000NM0055 (7200 rpm) (sata3, 256MB)
27x Seagate 4.0TB : ST4000DM000 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB)
1x Seagate 4.0TB : ST4000DM005 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB)
12x Seagate 3.0TB : ST3000DM001 (7200 rpm) (sata3, 64MB) (1x broken)
1x Seagate 3.0TB : ST3000DM007 (5900 rpm) (20mm thin disk,SMR,256MB)
9x Seagate 2.0TB : ST2000DL003 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB) (2x broken)
1x Seagate 2.0TB : ST2000DM001 (7200 rpm)
2x Seagate 2.0TB : ST32000542AS (5900 rpm)
2x WesternDigital 2.0TB : WD20EARS Caviar Green 2TB, 64MB (1x broken)
4x Samsung 1.5TB : HD154UI Green (5400 rpm)
4x Seagate 1.5TB : ST31500341AS
6x Samsung 1TB : HD103UJ
5x Samsung 750G : HD753LJ
4x Samsung 500G : HD501LJ
7x SSD : 60GB + 120GB Intel 330 , 128GB Crucial C300, 2x 256GB Crucial M4, 120GB + 480GB Crucial M500
10x SSD : 6x 1TB Crucial MX300, 500GB Crucial BX100, 1x 1TB Crucial MX500, 1x 1TB Samsung EVO970 nvme, 1x 500GB Samsung 980 NVME
5x SSD : 5x 2TB WD Blue SA510 2.5
3x SSD external : 2x Samung T5 500GB usb-c and 1x Samsung T5 1TB usb-c

This table shows Linux kernel versions and ZFS/SPL versions used currently :

ZFS version (git zfs)	kernel	SPL	ZFS	OS version
riwinas	5.15.19	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwinas2	5.15.207	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwinas3	5.15.204	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwixeon	5.15.209	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwilinux	5.15.209			Slackware 15.0

This table shows the storage usage per pool:

drive

total

used

free

graph bar

riwixeon:/pool0

7666G

3329G

4337G

43%

riwinas:/pool4

43973G

38216G

5757G

87%

riwinas:/pool5

43973G

32753G

11220G

74%

riwinas2:/pool8

70724G

34948G

35777G

49%

riwinas3:/pool2

84208G

22976G

61232G

27%

total

250544G

132222G

118323G

53%

This table shows the health of each individual disk as well as some statistics.

device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas:/dev/sda	-none	INTEL SSDSC2CT060A3	CVMP215605Q1060AGN	none	12891	1859	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdaa	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V3KX	27 C	4774	864	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdab	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013WLW	28 C	4857	864	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdac	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K11N	29 C	8222	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GP5Q	26 C	4238	859	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GE5S	26 C	4240	859	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z304WYTA	26 C	52	845	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sde	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z303Y4ZP	26 C	52	842	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K08K	30 C	8237	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdg	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013VNL	28 C	4827	862	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdh	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V3G1	27 C	4866	863	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdi	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30146PF	28 C	4823	866	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdj	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MC1Z	29 C	8228	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdk	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MB1C	30 C	8226	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdl	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MB1L	29 C	8231	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdm	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K0PQ	29 C	8231	1600	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdn	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GNNK	27 C	4375	794	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdo	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GDD3	27 C	4375	794	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdp	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GRFN	27 C	4376	794	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdq	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM005-2DP166	ZDH1BGYF	26 C	3010	574	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdr	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30156CH	29 C	7083	1396	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sds	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30147QZ	30 C	7084	1396	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdt	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	W300BMH0	30 C	7929	1536	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdu	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	W300G8KQ	29 C	7931	1536	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdv	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013VLC	28 C	4829	863	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdw	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013W9T	28 C	4829	864	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdx	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013YJL	28 C	4825	864	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdy	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013XE4	28 C	4777	864	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdz	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V342	28 C	4863	864	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas2:/dev/sda	-none	INTEL SSDSC2CT120A3	CVMP2152038G120BGN	none	20270	537	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174S1D	38 C	999	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZH1W	38 C	1018	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RC1	39 C	1046	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sde	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZE7L	42 C	1030	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RLC	42 C	1027	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdg	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RMR	43 C	849	320	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdh	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RV2	43 C	855	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdi	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZRXH	42 C	838	316	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdj	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RDB	41 C	853	326	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdk	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA15H4W8	43 C	856	270	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdl	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RE6	42 C	845	320	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdm	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174SDG	41 C	845	270	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas3:/dev/nvme0n1	-none	Samsung SSD 980 500GB	S78GNL0Y907291J	39 C	2	36	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sda	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52858W	36 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR528284	35 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JP8T	43 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JNZS	44 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sde	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52811J	36 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JWEM	43 C	260	30	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwixeon:/dev/sda	-none	Crucial_CT120M500SSD1	1308092BD91E	30 C	93834	79	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A0303	33 C	329	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A0903	32 C	328	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V05	33 C	333	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sde	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V15	32 C	331	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V03	32 C	334	4	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwilinux:/dev/sda	-none	C300-CTFDDAC128MAG	00000000104602FF3866	none	6771	1048	0	0	0	2048
riwilinux:/dev/sdb	-none	ST2000DL003-9VT166	5YD3757E	30 C	23527	3225	0	0	0	0
riwilinux:/dev/sdc	-none	Crucial_CT480M500SSD1	13290946682B	33 C	2380	2250	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
atom64:/dev/sda	-none	CT500BX100SSD1	1449F000999E	34 C	1748	26	0	0	0	0