pc storage

I mainly use the harddisks in the PCs I run for storage of Hidef movies and TV series.

Current storage situation

Machine	Bruto*	Redundancy	Netto*	Disks
livingroom PC	3.5TB	single disk	3.5TB	500GB Crucial MX500 SSD, 1TB Crucial MX500, 1.05TB MX300 Crucial, 1TB Samsung EVO970 nvme
livingroom HTPC	256GB	single disk	256GB	256GB Crucial M4 SSD
NasPC	112TB	60GB Boot 14x4T RAIDZ2 14x4T RAIDZ2	96TB	60GB Intel 330 series, 14x4TB Seagate, 14x4TB Seagate
NasPC2	96TB	120GB Boot 12x8T RAIDZ2	80TB	120GB Intel 330, 12x8TB Seagate Constellation
NasPC3	108TB	SSD 500G for boot 6x18TB RAIDZ1 ZFS	90TB	500GB Samsung 980 NVME SSD, 6x18TB Seagate Exos X18
ServerPC	10TB	SSD 120G for boot SSD 5x 2TB RAIDZ1 ZFS	8TB	120GB Crucial M500 SSD, 5x2TB WD Blue SSD
old pc win7	2.7TB	single disk	2.5TB	256GB Crucial M4 SSD, 480GB Crucial M500, 1x 2TB Seagate
Total:	332TB	.	280TB	.

I store all data to ZFS on Linux since version 0.6.2. Recently ZFS on Linux (0.8.6) was integrated in OpenZFS 2.0 sharing sourcecode with FreeBSD and Illumos the opensource version of Solaris where ZFS was first developed under Sun Microsystems. The previous LVM raid 0 volumes have been moved to ZFS pools with RAIDZ1 or RAIDZ2.
RAIDZ1 is like RAID5 and can withstand 1 disk breaking. RAIDZ2 can withstand 2 disks breaking. But after disk failure recovery is only needed for the data, not the entire disk so it is much quicker than plain RAID5 or RAID6.
ZFS keeps checksums on all data to ensure data integrity at all times. For RAIDZ1 there is the space of 1 spare disk, for RAIDZ2 (like RAID6) the space of 2 spare disks is needed and used for CRC data and other ZFS overhead data. Besides that ZFS/RAIDZ takes about 5% of the volume size for additional overhead.
Currently the 10x2T are retired and the healthy ones were sold.
I had 12x3T in raidz2, integrated in my linux desktop PC, but these are retired now. Disks still available offline as backup.
In Nas1 there are 14x4T in RAIDZ2 plus another 14x4T in RAIDZ2. So 2 pools with 1 vdev each.
In Nas2 I have 12x8T in RAIDZ2.
The always on XeonD server has 5x 2TB SSD in RAIDZ1. (1TB replaced with 2TB 2025-09)
I keep separate pools in order to be able to swap them out to different PC's.
I have removed the 10x2T because 2 disks were failing and 3 more were pending failure. No data was lost.
I have replaced 12x3T RAIDZ2 with 6x 18TB RAIDZ1 in Nas3 and also replaced the sata boot SSD with a M2 variant.

Sata interfaces and bays :
The main NAS PC has 8 onboard sata interfaces and 24 extra sata interfaces through a HBA card, there are 24 regular bays (2x10 + one 4in3 bay) and I have stacked 1 separate 4 drive bay inside the case. Currently 28 bays are in use. The free PCI-E 4x slot is now used for a 10Gbe Intel X520-DA1 network card with SFP+.
The second NAS PC has 14 onboard sata interfaces, 1x for boot 12x in use for the data disks, 1x free sata. It has a 10Gbe Intel X520-DA2 network card with SFP+. It is managed via IPMI (Supermicro).
The XeonD has 6 sata interfaces. 1x boot plus 5x data. It has onboard 10Gbe RJ45. It also has IPMI (Supermicro) for management.
The NAS3 PC has 6 sata interfaces, a M2 interface for boot. It has an Intel 10Gbe network card in the PCI-E 4x slot
I have replaced 12x3T RAIDZ2 with 6x 18TB RAIDZ1 and also replaced the sata boot SSD with a M2 variant.

Disk inventory ::
6x Seagate 18.0TB : ST18000NM000J (7200 rpm) (sata3, 256MB)
12x Seagate 8.0TB : ST8000NM0055 (7200 rpm) (sata3, 256MB)
27x Seagate 4.0TB : ST4000DM000 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB)
1x Seagate 4.0TB : ST4000DM005 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB)
12x Seagate 3.0TB : ST3000DM001 (7200 rpm) (sata3, 64MB) (1x broken)
1x Seagate 3.0TB : ST3000DM007 (5900 rpm) (20mm thin disk,SMR,256MB)
9x Seagate 2.0TB : ST2000DL003 (5900 rpm) (sata3, 64MB) (2x broken)
1x Seagate 2.0TB : ST2000DM001 (7200 rpm)
2x Seagate 2.0TB : ST32000542AS (5900 rpm)
2x WesternDigital 2.0TB : WD20EARS Caviar Green 2TB, 64MB (1x broken)
4x Samsung 1.5TB : HD154UI Green (5400 rpm)
4x Seagate 1.5TB : ST31500341AS
6x Samsung 1TB : HD103UJ
5x Samsung 750G : HD753LJ
4x Samsung 500G : HD501LJ
7x SSD : 60GB + 120GB Intel 330 , 128GB Crucial C300, 2x 256GB Crucial M4, 120GB + 480GB Crucial M500
10x SSD : 6x 1TB Crucial MX300, 500GB Crucial BX100, 1x 1TB Crucial MX500, 1x 1TB Samsung EVO970 nvme, 1x 500GB Samsung 980 NVME
5x SSD : 5x 2TB WD Blue SA510 2.5
3x SSD external : 2x Samung T5 500GB usb-c and 1x Samsung T5 1TB usb-c

This table shows Linux kernel versions and ZFS/SPL versions used currently :

ZFS version (git zfs)	kernel	SPL	ZFS	OS version
riwinas	5.15.19	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwinas2	5.15.207	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwinas3	5.15.204	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwixeon	5.15.209	2.4.1-1	2.4.1-1	Slackware 15.0
riwilinux	5.15.209			Slackware 15.0

This table shows the storage usage per pool:

drive

total

used

free

graph bar

riwixeon:/pool0

7666G

4550G

3116G

59%

riwinas:/pool4

43973G

37749G

6224G

86%

riwinas:/pool5

43973G

32566G

11407G

74%

riwinas2:/pool8

70680G

34680G

36001G

49%

riwinas3:/pool2

84208G

21885G

62323G

26%

total

250500G

131430G

119071G

52%

This table shows the health of each individual disk as well as some statistics.

device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas:/dev/sda	-none	INTEL SSDSC2CT060A3	CVMP215605Q1060AGN	none	12887	1856	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdaa	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V3KX	28 C	4771	861	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdab	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013WLW	29 C	4854	861	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdac	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K11N	30 C	8219	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GP5Q	27 C	4235	856	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GE5S	27 C	4237	856	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z304WYTA	27 C	49	842	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sde	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z303Y4ZP	27 C	49	839	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K08K	30 C	8234	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdg	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013VNL	29 C	4824	859	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdh	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V3G1	28 C	4863	860	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdi	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30146PF	29 C	4820	863	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdj	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MC1Z	30 C	8225	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdk	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MB1C	30 C	8223	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdl	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300MB1L	30 C	8228	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdm	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300K0PQ	29 C	8228	1597	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdn	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GNNK	28 C	4372	791	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdo	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GDD3	28 C	4372	791	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdp	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z301GRFN	28 C	4373	791	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdq	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM005-2DP166	ZDH1BGYF	27 C	3006	571	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdr	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30156CH	30 C	7080	1393	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sds	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z30147QZ	30 C	7081	1393	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdt	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	W300BMH0	30 C	7926	1533	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdu	zfs-pool4	ST4000DM000-1F2168	W300G8KQ	29 C	7928	1533	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdv	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013VLC	29 C	4826	860	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdw	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013W9T	29 C	4826	861	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdx	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013YJL	29 C	4822	861	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdy	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z3013XE4	29 C	4774	861	0	0	0	0
riwinas:/dev/sdz	zfs-pool5	ST4000DM000-1F2168	Z300V342	28 C	4860	861	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas2:/dev/sda	-none	INTEL SSDSC2CT120A3	CVMP2152038G120BGN	none	20258	534	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174S1D	31 C	988	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZH1W	33 C	1009	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RC1	33 C	1038	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sde	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZE7L	37 C	1021	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RLC	37 C	1019	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdg	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RMR	38 C	841	317	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdh	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RV2	38 C	847	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdi	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA16ZRXH	37 C	830	313	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdj	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RDB	35 C	842	323	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdk	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA15H4W8	37 C	848	267	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdl	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174RE6	36 C	837	317	0	0	0	0
riwinas2:/dev/sdm	zfs-pool8	ST8000NM0055-1RM112	ZA174SDG	36 C	837	267	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwinas3:/dev/nvme0n1	-none	Samsung SSD 980 500GB	S78GNL0Y907291J	32 C	2	30	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sda	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52858W	30 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR528284	30 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JP8T	35 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JNZS	36 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sde	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52811J	30 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
riwinas3:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool2	ST18000NM000J-2TV103	ZR52JWEM	35 C	169	24	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwixeon:/dev/sda	-none	Crucial_CT120M500SSD1	1308092BD91E	32 C	92210	79	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdb	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A0303	34 C	293	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdc	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A0903	33 C	292	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdd	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V05	34 C	294	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sde	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V15	33 C	292	4	0	0	0	0
riwixeon:/dev/sdf	zfs-pool0	WD Blue SA510 2.5 2TB	2510134A1V03	33 C	294	4	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
riwilinux:/dev/sda	-none	C300-CTFDDAC128MAG	00000000104602FF3866	none	6771	1048	0	0	0	2048
riwilinux:/dev/sdb	-none	ST2000DL003-9VT166	5YD3757E	30 C	23527	3225	0	0	0	0
riwilinux:/dev/sdc	-none	Crucial_CT480M500SSD1	13290946682B	33 C	2380	2250	0	0	0	0
device	volume	diskmodel	serial	temp	hours	power on count	reported_uncorrect	current_pending_sector	offline_uncorrectable	reallocated_sector_count
atom64:/dev/sda	-none	CT500BX100SSD1	1449F000999E	34 C	1748	26	0	0	0	0